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Sosnovy Bor

City, Country
Sosnovy Bor/St. Petersburg, Russia

Number & type of Reactors
4 X RBMK

Net Electric Power as % in 92 of national total
3654 MWe 50% energy for NW regions of Russia

Major population Centers in a 150 km radius and
total estimated population of 150 km r. region
Approximately 7 million including St. Petersburg, parts of Finland, and Estonia

Date of commercial operation start up
or (if unfinished) date of construction start.
Commercial startup in 1973, 1975, 1979, 1981

Operator/Builder
LNPP - Operator; Ministry of Middle Machine Building - Builder

Accidents and Dangers:

In 1987-88, there were 80 fires and accidents, 3 of which were serious. In 1994, there were 7 unplanned shutdowns and several threats of nuclear terrorism. Ignalina, the largest RBMK reactor, has unfit automatic control, shutdown, safety, and containment systems. There were 57 accidents between January and mid-November of '95 Spent fuel has never been moved from the plant's storage pools.

Local Contact Group:

Lithuanian Green Movement
Energy and Air Pollution Information Centre
Box 156 LT3000 Kaunas, Lithuania
tel 3-707-207250 fax 3-707-209-274
email: atgaja@org.ktu.lt

Key Arguments/History

These oversized Chernobyl-style reactors are suffering from acceleratred embrittlement of their fuel channels, and thus an increased likelihood of catastrophic failure. During Ignalina’s construction period, corruption, stealing, and drunkenness was common in the workforce, so construction quality is of a low level. The plant has been built on a geologic fault between two moving tectonic plates
. Electricity demand in Lithuania is considerably less than that produced by Ignalina, and there is little opportunity to export electricity profitably. If the investments needed for acceptable safety and for nuclear waste management are taken into account, there is no economic reason to keep such a big plant in operation. Hungary has just purchased slightly used fuel from the Greifswald reactor for use at Paks.

Alternatives:

Electrical demand can be covered by existing thermal plants, but these are relatively polluting and inefficient. However, these plants should be reconstructed into cogeneration plants with increased efficiency. Total estimated potential of energy saving and effeciency 10-40% from existing energy consumption. Local and renewable energy resources in Lithuania could potentially account for 15% of total energy production. Industry can be re-oriented toward more efficient and less energy intensive or wasteful technologies.